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How much are you willing to give? Firms’ Donation Spending and Tax Motives
We investigate the drivers of firms’ donation spending, focusing on whether tax incentives influence their decisions. We develop a local, empirical measure to capture the extent to which firms use donations to reduce taxable income. Using a German setting, where donations are tax-deductible under specific conditions, we examine whether firms take advantage of the tax- deductible threshold. Contrary to expectations, we find no evidence of bunching effects around the threshold. Expanding the analysis, we examine cross-sectional determinants influencing firms’ decisions to donate. We find that experience, the economic sector, the legal form, hidden profit distributions, and the tax obligation play a significant role. We propose an information friction effect: To optimize tax benefits, firms need to know the legal requirements, often provided by tax advisors or assistants. To explore this, we plan to develop a local measure of the density of tax assistants at the municipality level. We hypothesize that denser distributions increase firms’ access to relevant knowledge, raising their likelihood of tax-optimal donation behavior. Our study contributes to tax planning research by showing whether and how firms manage donation spending as a tax strategy. We are the first to investigate donations in this context, adding insights into firms’ information environments, provision, and processing.